Kumvetsetsa Basalt Fibers PartⅠ

Chemical zikuchokera basalt
Ndizodziwikiratu kuti kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi kumapangidwa ndi miyala yonyansa, ya sedimentary ndi metamorphic.Basalt ndi mtundu wa mwala woyaka moto.Miyala ya igneous ndi miyala yomwe imapangidwa pamene magma amaphulika pansi pa nthaka ndikukhazikika pamwamba.Miyala ya igneous yomwe ili ndi oposa 65% SiO₂ndi miyala ya acidic, monga granite, ndipo yomwe ili ndi zosakwana 52% S0 imatchedwa miyala yoyambira, monga basalt.Pakati pa awiriwa pali miyala yopanda ndale monga andesite.Pakati pa zigawo za basalt, zomwe zili mu SiO₂nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 44% -52%, zomwe zili mu Al₂O₃ili pakati pa 12% -18%, ndi zomwe zili mu Fe0 ndi Fe₂0₃ndi 9% -14%.
Basalt ndi refractory mineral zopangira ndi kutentha kusungunuka pamwamba pa 1500 ℃.Kuchuluka kwachitsulo kumapangitsa fiber bronze, ndipo imakhala ndi K₂O, MgO ndi TiO₂zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunikira pakuwongolera kutetezedwa kwa madzi ndi dzimbiri kwa fiber.
Mwala wa basalt ndi wa miyala ya volcanic magma ore, yomwe imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwachilengedwe.Basalt ore ndi gawo limodzi lopangira zopangira, kusungunula komanso mtundu wofanana.Mosiyana ndi kupanga magalasi a fiber, basalt fiber kupanga zopangira ndi zachilengedwe komanso zokonzeka.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, ntchito zambiri zofufuza zachitika kuti ziwonetsere ores oyenera kupanga zopangira zosalekeza za basalt, makamaka popanga ulusi wa basalt wokhala ndi mawonekedwe (monga mphamvu zamakina, kukhazikika kwamankhwala ndi kutentha, kutchinjiriza kwa magetsi, etc.), ores enieni ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito Chemical zikuchokera ndi ulusi kupanga katundu.Mwachitsanzo: kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi ore omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ulusi wosalekeza wa basalt akuwonetsedwa patebulo.

Chilengedwe chapereka mphamvu yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito miyala ya basalt.Pansi pa chilengedwe, miyala ya basalt imapindula, kusungunuka kwa zigawo za mankhwala ndikusungunuka kukuya kwa dziko lapansi.Ngakhale chilengedwe chimalingalira kukankhira miyala ya basalt pamwamba pa dziko lapansi monga mapiri kuti agwiritse ntchito.Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi 1/3 la mapiri amapangidwa ndi basalt.
Malinga ndi kusanthula kwazomwe zimapangidwa ndi miyala ya basalt ore, zopangira za basalt zili pafupifupi m'dziko lonselo, ndipo mtengo wake ndi 20 yuan/tani, ndipo mtengo wazinthu zopangira ukhoza kunyalanyazidwa pamtengo wopangira ulusi wa basalt.Pali malo migodi oyenera mosalekeza basalt CHIKWANGWANI kupanga m'zigawo zambiri China, monga: anayi, Heilongjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hainan Island, Taiwan ndi zigawo zina, ena apanga mosalekeza CHIKWANGWANI basalt pa zipangizo mafakitale mayeso.Mafuta a basalt a ku China ndi osiyana ndi miyala ya ku Ulaya.Kuchokera pamalingaliro a geological, ores aku China a basalt ndi "achichepere", ndipo alibe mawonekedwe apadera, ndiko kuti, zomwe zimatchedwa zipsera zoyambirira.Kupyolera mu kuwunika kwa zigawo za China monga Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, ndi Hubei, kafukufuku wa miyala ya basalt pakati ndi m'munsi mwa mtsinje wa Yangtze, Hainan ndi madera ena amasonyeza kuti palibe thanthwe loyambirira m'matanthwe awa. , ndipo pamakhala zigawo zina zachikasu za iron oxide pamwamba.Izi ndizopindulitsa kwambiri pakupanga kosalekeza kwa ulusi wa basalt, ndipo mtengo wazinthu zopangira ndi mtengo wopangira ndizotsika.
Basalt ndi inorganic silicate.Amatenthedwa m'mapiri ophulika ndi ng'anjo, kuyambira miyala yolimba mpaka ulusi wofewa, mamba opepuka, ndi mipiringidzo yolimba.Zinthuzo zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu (> 880C) ndi kukana kutentha kwapansi (<-200C), kutsika kwamafuta otsika (kutchinjiriza kutentha), kutchinjiriza kwa mawu, kuletsa moto, kutsekereza, kuyamwa kochepa kwa chinyezi, kukana dzimbiri, kukana ma radiation, mphamvu yosweka kwambiri, otsika elongation, mkulu zotanuka modulus, kulemera kuwala ndi ntchito zina zabwino kwambiri processing ntchito, Ndi zinthu zatsopano kotheratu: si kutulutsa poizoni zinthu mwachibadwa kupanga ndi processing ndondomeko, ndipo alibe mpweya zinyalala, madzi oipa, ndi zinyalala. kutayira kotsalira, kotero kumatchedwa "zobiriwira zobiriwira zamakampani ndi zinthu zatsopano" m'zaka za 21st.
Poyerekeza ndi magalasi opangidwa ndi galasi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, mafakitale a mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena, n'zoonekeratu kuti basalt fiber ndi zida zake zophatikizika zimakhala ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, katundu wabwino wakuthupi ndi mankhwala, ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri.Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zina, ntchito yonse ya ziwirizi ndi yofanana.Zina mwazinthu za basalt fiber ndi zabwino kuposa mpweya wa carbon, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wocheperapo gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a carbon fiber malinga ndi mtengo wamakono wa msika.Chifukwa chake, ulusi wa basalt ndi ulusi watsopano wokhala ndi mtengo wotsika, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso ukhondo wabwino pambuyo pa kaboni fiber, fiber aramid ndi polyethylene fiber.Bungwe la United States Basalt Continuous Fiber Industry Alliance linati: “Basalt continuous fiber ndi cholowa m’malo mwa carbon fiber yotsika mtengo ndipo ili ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino kwambiri.Chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa chimatengedwa kuchokera ku miyala yachilengedwe popanda zowonjezera, ndizokhazo zowononga zachilengedwe komanso zopanda poizoni.Zopangira magalasi obiriwira obiriwira komanso athanzi zimafuna msika wambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kale "
Mwala wa basalt waikidwa padziko lapansi kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri ndipo wakhala akukhudzidwa ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana.Ore ya Basalt ndi imodzi mwazitsulo zolimba kwambiri za silicate.Ulusi wopangidwa ndi basalt uli ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe komanso kukhazikika motsutsana ndi zida zowononga.Chokhazikika, chotchingira magetsi, ore ya basalt ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso zoteteza zachilengedwe.