Polyimide, yozungulira zonse muzinthu za polima, yadzutsa chidwi ndi mabungwe ambiri ofufuza ku China, ndipo mabizinesi ena ayambanso kupanga - zinthu zathu za polyimide.
I. Mwachidule
Monga chuma chapadera uinjiniya, polyimide wakhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ndege, Azamlengalenga, microelectronics, nanometer, madzi crystal, kupatukana nembanemba, laser ndi madera ena.Posachedwapa, mayiko akulemba mndandanda wa kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kapolyimidengati imodzi mwamapulasitiki odalirika kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 21.Polyimide, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake odziwika bwino mu magwiridwe antchito ndi kaphatikizidwe, kaya imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zomangira kapena ngati zida zogwirira ntchito, chiyembekezo chake chachikulu chadziwikiratu, ndipo imadziwika kuti "katswiri wothetsa mavuto" ( protion solver ), ndipo amakhulupirira kuti "popanda polyimide, sipakanakhala teknoloji ya microelectronics lero".
Chachiwiri, ntchito ya polyimide
1. Malinga ndi kusanthula kwa thermogravimetric kwa polyimide yonunkhira bwino, kutentha kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 500 ° C.Polyimide yopangidwa kuchokera ku biphenyl dianhydride ndi p-phenylenediamine ili ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kwa 600 ° C ndipo ndi imodzi mwa ma polima olimba kwambiri mpaka pano.
2. Polyimide imatha kupirira kutentha kochepa kwambiri, monga mu helium yamadzimadzi pa -269 ° C, sikhala yolimba.
3. Polyimideali ndi zida zabwino zamakina.Mphamvu yolimba ya mapulasitiki osadzazidwa ndi pamwamba pa 100Mpa, filimu (Kapton) ya homophenylene polyimide ili pamwamba pa 170Mpa, ndi biphenyl type polyimide (UpilexS) mpaka 400Mpa.Monga pulasitiki yaumisiri, kuchuluka kwa filimu zotanuka nthawi zambiri kumakhala 3-4Gpa, ndipo fiber imatha kufika 200Gpa.Malinga ndi mawerengedwe owerengera, ulusi wopangidwa ndi phthalic anhydride ndi p-phenylenediamine ukhoza kufika ku 500Gpa, wachiwiri ku carbon fiber.
4. Mitundu ina ya polyimide sisungunuka mu zosungunulira za organic ndipo imakhazikika kuti ichepetse ma acid.General mitundu si kugonjetsedwa ndi hydrolysis.Kuperewera kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti polyimide ikhale yosiyana ndi ma polima ena ochita bwino kwambiri.Khalidwe lake ndilakuti dianhydride yopangira ndi diamine imatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndi alkaline hydrolysis.Mwachitsanzo, kwa Kapton filimu, mlingo kuchira akhoza kufika 80% -90%.Kusintha kapangidwe kungathenso kupeza mitundu ndithu hydrolysis zosagwira, monga kupirira 120 ° C, 500 maola otentha.
5. Kukula kokwanira kwamafuta a polyimide ndi 2 × 10-5-3 × 10-5 ℃, Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide ndi 3 × 10-5 ℃, mtundu wa biphenyl ukhoza kufika 10-6 ℃, mitundu yamunthu imatha kukhala mpaka 10- 7°C.
6. Polyimide imakhala ndi kukana kwambiri kwa ma radiation, ndipo filimu yake imakhala ndi mphamvu yosungira mphamvu ya 90% pambuyo pa 5 × 109radiation yamagetsi yamagetsi.
7. Polyimideali ndi ma dielectric abwino, okhala ndi dielectric pafupipafupi pafupifupi 3.4.Poyambitsa fluorine kapena kumwaza ma nanometer a mpweya mu polyimide, dielectric constant imatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka pafupifupi 2.5.Kutayika kwa dielectric ndi 10-3, mphamvu ya dielectric ndi 100-300KV/mm, Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide ndi 300KV/mm, kukana kwa voliyumu ndi 1017Ω/cm.Zinthuzi zimakhalabe pamtunda wapamwamba pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kusinthasintha kwafupipafupi.
8. Polyimide ndi polima yozimitsa yokha yokhala ndi utsi wochepa.
9. Polyimide imakhala ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri pansi pa vacuum yochuluka kwambiri.
10. Polyimide ndi yopanda poizoni, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zapa tebulo ndi zida zamankhwala, ndipo imatha kupirira zikwizikwi za mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Ma polyimides ena amakhalanso ndi biocompatibility yabwino, mwachitsanzo, sakhala ndi hemolytic pamayeso ofananira ndi magazi komanso alibe poizoni mu in vitro cytotoxicity test.
3. Njira zingapo zophatikizira:
Pali mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri ya polyimide, ndipo pali njira zambiri zopangira izo, kotero zimatha kusankhidwa malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.Kusinthasintha kwamtunduwu pakuphatikiza ndikovutanso kuti ma polima ena akhale nawo.
1. Polyimideamapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku dibasic anhydrides ndi diamines.Ma monomers awiriwa amaphatikizidwa ndi ma polima ena ambiri a heterocyclic, monga polybenzimidazole, polybenzimidazole, polybenzothiazole, polyquinone Poyerekeza ndi ma monomers monga phenoline ndi polyquinoline, gwero la zopangira ndi lalikulu, ndipo kaphatikizidwe kake ndi kosavuta.Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma dianhydrides ndi ma diamine, ndipo ma polyimides okhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana amatha kupezeka ndi kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana.
2. Polyimide ikhoza kukhala polycondensed pa kutentha kochepa ndi dianhydride ndi diamine mu zosungunulira za polar, monga DMF, DMAC, NMP kapena THE/methanol mix solvent, kuti apeze sungunuka polyamic acid, pambuyo pa kupanga filimu kapena kupota Kutentha kwa pafupifupi 300 ° C kwa kuchepa madzi m'thupi ndi cyclization mu polyimide;acetic anhydride ndi tertiary amine catalysts amathanso kuwonjezeredwa ku polyamic acid kuti athetse madzi m'thupi ndi ma cyclization kuti apeze yankho la polyimide ndi ufa.Diamine ndi dianhydride amathanso kutenthedwa ndikuwotchedwa polycondensed pamadzi otentha kwambiri, monga phenolic solvent, kuti apeze polyimide mu sitepe imodzi.Kuphatikiza apo, polyimide imathanso kupezeka kuchokera ku zomwe dibasic acid ester ndi diamine;imathanso kusinthidwa kuchoka ku polyamic acid kupita ku polyisoimide poyamba, kenako kupita ku polyimide.Njira zonsezi zimabweretsa kuphweka kwa processing.Yoyamba imatchedwa njira ya PMR, yomwe imatha kupeza kukhuthala kochepa, njira yolimba kwambiri, ndipo imakhala ndi zenera lokhala ndi kusungunuka kwachangu panthawi yokonza, yomwe ili yoyenera kwambiri popanga zinthu zophatikizika;chotsiriziracho chimawonjezeka Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kusungunuka, palibe mankhwala otsika kwambiri omwe amamasulidwa panthawi ya kutembenuka.
3. Malingana ngati chiyero cha dianhydride (kapena tetraacid) ndi diamine ndi oyenerera, mosasamala kanthu kuti njira ya polycondensation imagwiritsidwa ntchito, n'zosavuta kupeza kulemera kwakukulu kwa maselo, ndipo kulemera kwa maselo kungasinthidwe mosavuta powonjezera unit anhydride kapena unit amine.
4. Polycondensation wa dianhydride (kapena tetraacid) ndi diamine, malinga ngati chiŵerengero cha molar chikufika pa chiŵerengero cha equimolar, chithandizo cha kutentha mu vacuum chingawonjezere kwambiri kulemera kwa maselo olimba otsika maselo olemera prepolymer, potero kuwongolera kukonza ndi kupanga ufa.Bwerani mosavuta.
5. N'zosavuta kuyambitsa magulu ogwira ntchito kumapeto kwa unyolo kapena unyolo kupanga oligomers yogwira ntchito, motero kupeza thermosetting polyimide.
6. Gwiritsani ntchito gulu la carboxyl mu polyimide kuti mupange esterification kapena kupanga mchere, ndikudziwitseni magulu a photosensitive kapena magulu a alkyl a unyolo wautali kuti apeze ma polima amphiphilic, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupeza photoresists kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mafilimu a LB.
7. Njira zambiri zopangira polyimide sizimapanga mchere wa inorganic, womwe umapindulitsa kwambiri pokonzekera zida zotetezera.
8. The dianhydride ndi diamine monga monomers ndi zosavuta sublimate pansi vacuum mkulu, kotero n'zosavuta kupangapolyimidefilimu pa zogwirira ntchito, makamaka zida zokhala ndi malo osagwirizana, poyika nthunzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-06-2023