Kumvetsetsa Basalt Fibers PartⅠ

Chemical zikuchokera basalt
Ndizodziwika bwino kuti kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi kumapangidwa ndi miyala yonyansa, ya sedimentary ndi metamorphic. Basalt ndi mtundu wa mwala woyaka moto. Miyala ya igneous ndi miyala yomwe imapangidwa pamene magma amaphulika pansi pa nthaka ndikukhazikika pamwamba. Miyala yoyaka moto yomwe ili ndi SiO yopitilira 65%.₂ndi miyala ya acidic, monga granite, ndipo yomwe ili ndi zosakwana 52% S0 imatchedwa miyala yoyambira, monga basalt. Pakati pa awiriwa pali miyala yopanda ndale monga andesite. Zina mwa zigawo za basalt, zomwe zili mu SiO₂nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 44% - 52%, zomwe zili mu Al₂O₃ili pakati pa 12%-18%, ndi zomwe zili mu Fe0 ndi Fe₂0₃pakati pa 9% - 14%.
Basalt ndi refractory mineral zopangira ndi kutentha kusungunuka pamwamba 1500 ℃. Kuchuluka kwachitsulo kumapangitsa fiber bronze, ndipo imakhala ndi K₂O, MgO ndi TiO₂zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunikira pakuwongolera kutetezedwa kwa madzi ndi dzimbiri kwa fiber.
Mwala wa basalt ndi wa miyala ya volcanic magma ore, yomwe imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwachilengedwe. Basalt ore ndi chinthu chimodzi-chinthu chopangira kulimbikitsa, kusungunula komanso mtundu umodzi. Mosiyana ndi kupanga magalasi ulusi, basalt CHIKWANGWANI kupanga zopangira ndi zachilengedwe ndi okonzeka-zopangidwa.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, ntchito zambiri zofufuza zachitika kuti ziwonetsere ores oyenera kupanga zopangira zosalekeza za basalt, makamaka popanga ulusi wa basalt wokhala ndi mawonekedwe (monga mphamvu zamakina, kukhazikika kwamankhwala ndi kutentha, kutchinjiriza kwa magetsi, etc.), ores enieni ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito Chemical zikuchokera ndi ulusi kupanga katundu. Mwachitsanzo: kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi ore omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ulusi wosalekeza wa basalt akuwonetsedwa patebulo.

Chilengedwe chapereka mphamvu yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito miyala ya basalt. Pansi pa chilengedwe, miyala ya basalt imapindula, kusungunuka kwa zigawo za mankhwala ndikusungunuka kukuya kwa dziko lapansi. Ngakhale chilengedwe chimaganizira kukankhira miyala ya basalt pamwamba pa dziko lapansi ngati mapiri kuti agwiritse ntchito. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi 1/3 la mapiri amapangidwa ndi basalt.
Malinga ndi kusanthula kwazomwe zimapangidwa ndi miyala ya basalt ore, zopangira za basalt zili pafupifupi m'dziko lonselo, ndipo mtengo wake ndi 20 yuan/tani, ndipo mtengo wazinthu zopangira ukhoza kunyalanyazidwa pamtengo wopangira ulusi wa basalt. Pali malo migodi oyenera mosalekeza basalt CHIKWANGWANI kupanga m'zigawo zambiri China, monga: anayi, Heilongjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hainan Island, Taiwan ndi zigawo zina, ena apanga mosalekeza CHIKWANGWANI basalt pa zipangizo zoyesera mafakitale. Mafuta a basalt aku China ndi osiyana ndi miyala yaku Europe. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a geological, miyala ya basalt yaku China ndi "yachichepere", ndipo alibe mawonekedwe apadera, ndiko kuti-otchedwa zipsera zoyambirira. Kupyolera mu kuwunika kwa zigawo za China monga Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, ndi Hubei, kafukufuku wa miyala ya basalt pakati ndi m'munsi mwa mtsinje wa Yangtze, Hainan ndi madera ena amasonyeza kuti palibe thanthwe loyambirira m'matanthwe awa. , ndipo pali zigawo zina zachikasu za iron oxide pamwamba pake. Izi ndizopindulitsa kwambiri pakupanga kosalekeza kwa ulusi wa basalt, ndipo mtengo wazinthu zopangira ndi mtengo wokonza ndizotsika.
Basalt ndi inorganic silicate. Amatenthedwa m'mapiri ophulika ndi ng'anjo, kuyambira miyala yolimba mpaka ulusi wofewa, mamba opepuka, ndi mipiringidzo yolimba. Zinthuzi zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu (> 880C) ndi kukana kutentha kwapansi (<-200C) , kutsika kwa kutentha kwa kutentha (kutentha kwa kutentha), kutsekemera kwa phokoso, kutsekemera kwamoto, kutsekemera, kuyamwa kwa chinyezi, kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kwa ma radiation, mphamvu yowonongeka kwambiri, otsika elongation, mkulu zotanuka modulus, kulemera kuwala ndi ntchito zina zabwino kwambiri processing ntchito, Ndi zinthu zatsopano kotheratu: si kutulutsa poizoni zinthu mwachizolowezi kupanga ndi processing ndondomeko, ndipo ilibe mpweya wotayira, madzi oipa, ndi zotsalira za zinyalala, kotero imatchedwa kuipitsa-kopanda "green industrial material and new material" m'zaka za zana la 21.
Poyerekeza ndi ulusi wa galasi, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, mafakitale a mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena, n'zoonekeratu kuti basalt fiber ndi zipangizo zake zophatikizika zimakhala ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, katundu wabwino wa thupi ndi mankhwala, ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zinthu zapamwamba - zomaliza. Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zina, ntchito yonse ya ziwirizi ndi yofanana. Zina za ulusi wa basalt ndizabwino kuposa ulusi wa kaboni, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wocheperako-chakhumi cha ulusi wa kaboni malinga ndi mtengo wamsika wapano. Chifukwa chake, ulusi wa basalt ndi ulusi watsopano wokhala ndi mtengo wotsika, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso ukhondo wabwino pambuyo pa kaboni fiber, fiber aramid ndi polyethylene fiber. Bungwe la United States Basalt Continuous Fiber Industry Alliance linati: “Basalt mosalekeza fiber ndi yotsika-yolowa m’malo mwa carbon fiber ndipo ili ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino kwambiri. Chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa amatengedwa kuchokera ku miyala yachilengedwe popanda zowonjezera, ndiye yekhayo amene si-kuipitsa chilengedwe komanso wopanda-poizoni. Zogulitsa zamagalasi zobiriwira komanso zathanzi zimafuna msika waukulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino "
Mwala wa basalt waikidwa padziko lapansi kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri ndipo wakhala akukhudzidwa ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Ore ya Basalt ndi imodzi mwazitsulo zolimba kwambiri za silicate. Ulusi wopangidwa ndi basalt uli ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe komanso kukhazikika motsutsana ndi zida zowononga. Zokhazikika, zotchingira magetsi, miyala ya basalt ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso zoteteza zachilengedwe.